List of Monarchs and Reigning Periods
Genealogy of the Sultans of Brunei is started since the Sultanate of Brunei got an influence of Islamic religion from the Sultanate of Johor. The indication was shown when the King of Brunei, Awang Alak Betatar married with the Princess of Johor in 1368, until His name changed to Sultan Muhammad Shah. The genealogy of the Sultans of Brunei as follows:
- Sultan Muhammad Shah (1362-1402)
Sultan Muhammad Shah was the first King or Sultan who embraced to Islam. He used to be called by the name King Awang Alak Betatar before converted to be Muslim. He ascended the throne of the Sultanate to replace His father, His Majesty Sang Aji (Aji Naruwing/Baruning) in 1362. When He died, the next successor was Sultan Abdul Majid Hasan (1402-1408, but His name is not included into the lines of the Kings who have ruled the Sultanate of Brunei.
- Pateh Berbai entitled Sultan Ahmad (1408-1425)
- Sultan Sharif Ali (1425-1432)
- Sultan Sulaiman (1432-1485)
- Sultan Bolkiah (1485-1524)
- Sultan Abdul Kahar (1524-1530)
The reign of the Sultanate of Brunei during the years 1530-1533 has experienced the turnover of Sultan for three times. Respectively those three Sultans were Pengiran Muda Besar Ismail, Pengiran Muda Tengah Othman, and Pengiran Muda Iring Ali Akbar.
- Sultan Saiful Rijal (1533-1581 M)
During the reign of Sultan Saiful Rizal, the Sultanate of Brunei was involved in the war with Spain called Castille War for 72 days, which won by the Sultanate of Brunei. Pengiran Bendahara Sakam entitled Raja Bendahara, the leader of Bruneian forces against the Spanish, has been prepared to be next successor of the Sultanate in 1581, but He died before ascending the throne.
- Shah Brunei (1581-1582)
- Sultan Muhammad Hasan (1582-1598)
- Sultan Abdul Jalilul Akbar (1598-1659)
- Sultan Abdul Jalilul Jabbar (1659-1660)
- Sultan Haji Muhammad Ali (1660-1661)
- Sultan Abdul Mubin Hakkul (1661-1673)
- Sultan Muhyiddin (1673-1690)
- Sultan Nasruddin (1690-1710)
- Sultan Kamaluddin Husain (1710-1730)
- Sultan Muhammad Alauddin (1730-1737)
Precisely in 1737, there was no heir to be the next Sultan after Sultan Muhammad Alauddin died. So under the condition Sultan Kamaluddin Husain was returned in the reign. In 1740, Sultan Husain Kamaluddin gave the throne to His son in law, Pengiran Muda Tengah Omar Ali Safiuddin, entitled Sultan Omar Ali Safiuddin I.
- Sultan Omar Ali Safiuddin I (1740-1795)
- Sultan Muhammad Tajuddin (1795-1804 M)
- Sultan Muhammad Jamalul Alam I
Sultan Muhammad Jamalul Alam 1 ascended the throne on Thursday, Muharram 15, 1219 AH or April 26, 1804 AD. However, He has only ruled for seven months since He died on Saturday, Sha'ban 6, 1219 AH or November 10, 1804 AD. The throne was then given to His son, Pengiran Muda Besar Omar Ali Safiuddin II, entitled Sultan Omar Ali Safiuddin II. However, as the Sultan Omar Ali II did not reach His age to be the Sultan yet, the throne was held temporary by His Majesty Seri Begawan Sultan Muhammad Tajuddin (Sultan Muhammad Tajuddin). His Majesty Seri Begawan Sultan Muhammad Tajuddin ruled the Sultanate until 1807. Under the reason of old age, His Majesty gave the throne to Pengiran Di-Gadong Ayah Pengiran Muda Tengah Muhammad Kanzul Alam ibnu Sultan Omar Ali Safiuddin I entitled Sultan Muhammad Kanzul Alam.
- Sultan Muhammad Kanzul Alam (1807-1826)
He unilaterally raised His son to be the King entitled Sultan Muhammad Alam in 1826
- Sultan Muhammad Alam (1826-1828 M)
Sultan Muhammad Alam died in 1826. The throne was returned to Sultan Omar Ali Safiuddin II.
- Sultan Omar Ali Safiuddin II (1828-1852)
- Sultan Abdul Momin (1852-1885 M)
- Sultan Hashim Jalilul Alam Aqamaddin (1885-1906 M)
- Sultan Muhammad Jamalul Alam II (1906-1924 M)
- Sultan Ahmad Tajuddin Akhazul Khairi Waddin (1924-1950)
- Sultan Omar 'Ali Safiuddien Sa'adul Khairi Waddien or Sultan Omar' Ali Saifuddien III (1950-1967)
- Sultan Hassanal Bolkiah Mu'izzaddin Waddaulah (1967-Present)